AI、工具与转型 — Benedict Evans

Benedict Evans ·

Benedict Evans 讨论了企业软件的复杂性、AI 对工具创建的影响、发现自动化机会的难度,以及用于战略性 AI 采用的三问框架。 阅读 4 条观点,查看支持证据与原始来源。

理解这篇

4 个要点

综合解读

  1. 大型企业通常缺乏清晰的软件清单

    典型的美国大型公司拥有数百甚至数千款软件工具,包括 SAP 和 Workday 等系统、垂直 SaaS 应用、工作流、脚本、自动化程序、数据库和电子表格。它们往往不清楚自己拥有多少软件、哪些被使用,或自己在为什么付费。

    支持这项说法 1

    当今典型的大型美国企业拥有数百种、甚至可能数千种不同的软件。它既有SAP、Workday这类庞大的横向“大型机”型记录系统,也有数百种垂直领域SaaS应用;此外还有数百个工作流、脚本、自动化程序和数据库——最底层甚至包括一个仅10兆字节、用于支撑某个部门运转的电子表格。企业往往甚至并不完全清楚自己究竟部署了多少软件、哪些软件正在被实际使用,以及自己究竟为这些软件支付了多少钱。

    Benedict Evans · 段落 1

    原始摘录
    The typical big American company today has hundreds, and perhaps thousands, of different pieces of software. It has giant ‘big iron’ horizontal systems of record like SAP and Workday, it has hundreds of vertical SaaS applications, and then there are hundreds more workflows, scripts, automations and databases, right down to the 10 meg spreadsheet running a department. Very often, the company doesn’t even know quite how much it has, what’s actually being used, and what it’s paying for.
    上下文

    然而,在拥有如此庞杂软件体系的同时,企业内部却充斥着大量枯燥、重复性的任务。

    原始上下文

    And yet, with all this software, the company is full of boring, repetitive tasks.

    回到原文语境 →
  2. AI 降低了构建特定任务工具的门槛

    Evans 讨论了 AI 如何让人们无需成为工程师或编写代码即可创建工具,并将其与预先构建的软件进行对比,同时探讨了软件变得动态化和生成式的可能性。

    支持这项说法 1

    但借助人工智能,你现在只需五分钟即可构建出该工具,且无需工程师身份,也无需编写代码。你只需向模型提出请求,让它为你生成该工具;更根本地说,甚至可直接让模型代你完成该项任务本身。软件由此可能摆脱逐个构建的模式,转而具备动态性、生成性、自由形态与即时自发性。海量任务得以实现自动化,而所需编写的软件量却大幅减少。

    Benedict Evans · 段落 2

    原始摘录
    But with AI, now you can make that tool in five minutes, and you don't need to be an engineer, and you don’t need to write code. You can just ask the model to make the tool for you, or, more fundamentally, just do the task for you itself . Instead of having to create those tools one at a time, software might be dynamic, generative, free-form, and spontaneous. Massively more tasks can be automated, with massively less software.
    上下文

    人们很容易产生一种想法:人工智能将彻底扫除上述所有问题。这里有个老笑话:工程师就是那种宁愿花一小时开发工具来自动化一项耗时仅十分钟的任务的人。

    原始上下文

    It can be very tempting to think that AI will sweep most of this away. There’s an old joke that an engineer is someone who’ll spend an hour building a tool to automate a task that would take 10 minutes.

    回到原文语境 →
  3. 识别对工具的需求仍是难点所在

    Evans 认为,让代码更容易编写并不能解决何时需要工具以及该工具应做什么的问题。

    支持这项说法 1

    以上所有问题,都无法通过降低代码编写难度——即简化工具开发过程——得到解决。真正的难点在于:首先,要意识到某项任务本身就需要一个工具来处理;其次,要明确该工具应具备何种功能。

    Benedict Evans · 段落 8

    原始摘录
    None of this is solved by making easier to write code - by making it easier to make tools. The hard part is knowing that you need a tool for this in the first place, and then knowing what the tool should do.
    回到原文语境 →
  4. 面对新变革性技术的三个问题

    Evans 概述了企业在面对一项新的变革性技术时所面临的三个问题:如何购买、构建和部署它;它在多大程度上改变其运营(答案因行业而异);以及它是否会对其商业经济性构成挑战、带来新的竞争压力,或者可能构成生存威胁。

    支持这项说法 1

    退一步看,我认为,每当出现一项颠覆性新技术时,每家公司都必须提出三类问题:第一,我们应如何采购、构建与部署这项技术?是否应开展试点?应采用 Microsoft/Google/Oracle 打包提供的产品,自行构建,委托他人构建,还是向初创公司采购这一全新事物?第二,他们必须追问这项技术在多大程度上改变了其运营方式——这意味着什么?

    Benedict Evans · 段落 21

    原始摘录
    Stepping back, it seems to me that with each new transformative technology, every company has to ask three kinds of questions. First, how do we buy, build and deploy this? Do we do pilots? Should we take the product that's bundled from Microsoft/Google/Oracle, build something ourselves, pay someone to build something, or buy this new thing from a startup? Second, they have to ask how far this changes their operations. What does it mean?
    上下文

    电子邮件对我们意味着什么?电子表格对我们意味着什么?如果你是一家保险公司或一家律师事务所,答案可能截然不同。第三,你必须追问这是否会给你业务的经济结构带来新挑战、新的竞争压力,或者某种生存威胁。

    原始上下文

    What does email mean for us? What does spreadsheets mean for us? The answer to that might be radically different if you were an insurance company or a law firm. And third, you have to ask whether this creates new challenges to your business’s economics, new competitive pressures, or, perhaps, some kind of existential threat.

    回到原文语境 →

关键段落4

带明确归属与语境的原文片段。打开原始文本核查出处。

企业软件蔓延

大型企业通常缺乏清晰的软件清单

当今典型的大型美国企业拥有数百种、甚至可能数千种不同的软件。它既有SAP、Workday这类庞大的横向“大型机”型记录系统,也有数百种垂直领域SaaS应用;此外还有数百个工作流、脚本、自动化程序和数据库——最底层甚至包括一个仅10兆字节、用于支撑某个部门运转的电子表格。企业往往甚至并不完全清楚自己究竟部署了多少软件、哪些软件正在被实际使用,以及自己究竟为这些软件支付了多少钱。

原始摘录
The typical big American company today has hundreds, and perhaps thousands, of different pieces of software. It has giant ‘big iron’ horizontal systems of record like SAP and Workday, it has hundreds of vertical SaaS applications, and then there are hundreds more workflows, scripts, automations and databases, right down to the 10 meg spreadsheet running a department. Very often, the company doesn’t even know quite how much it has, what’s actually being used, and what it’s paying for.
上下文

然而,在拥有如此庞杂软件体系的同时,企业内部却充斥着大量枯燥、重复性的任务。

原始上下文

And yet, with all this software, the company is full of boring, repetitive tasks.

AI 赋能的工具创建

AI 降低了构建特定任务工具的门槛

但借助人工智能,你现在只需五分钟即可构建出该工具,且无需工程师身份,也无需编写代码。你只需向模型提出请求,让它为你生成该工具;更根本地说,甚至可直接让模型代你完成该项任务本身。软件由此可能摆脱逐个构建的模式,转而具备动态性、生成性、自由形态与即时自发性。海量任务得以实现自动化,而所需编写的软件量却大幅减少。

原始摘录
But with AI, now you can make that tool in five minutes, and you don't need to be an engineer, and you don’t need to write code. You can just ask the model to make the tool for you, or, more fundamentally, just do the task for you itself . Instead of having to create those tools one at a time, software might be dynamic, generative, free-form, and spontaneous. Massively more tasks can be automated, with massively less software.
上下文

人们很容易产生一种想法:人工智能将彻底扫除上述所有问题。这里有个老笑话:工程师就是那种宁愿花一小时开发工具来自动化一项耗时仅十分钟的任务的人。

原始上下文

It can be very tempting to think that AI will sweep most of this away. There’s an old joke that an engineer is someone who’ll spend an hour building a tool to automate a task that would take 10 minutes.

战略性 AI 采用框架

面对新变革性技术的三个问题

退一步看,我认为,每当出现一项颠覆性新技术时,每家公司都必须提出三类问题:第一,我们应如何采购、构建与部署这项技术?是否应开展试点?应采用 Microsoft/Google/Oracle 打包提供的产品,自行构建,委托他人构建,还是向初创公司采购这一全新事物?第二,他们必须追问这项技术在多大程度上改变了其运营方式——这意味着什么?

原始摘录
Stepping back, it seems to me that with each new transformative technology, every company has to ask three kinds of questions. First, how do we buy, build and deploy this? Do we do pilots? Should we take the product that's bundled from Microsoft/Google/Oracle, build something ourselves, pay someone to build something, or buy this new thing from a startup? Second, they have to ask how far this changes their operations. What does it mean?
上下文

电子邮件对我们意味着什么?电子表格对我们意味着什么?如果你是一家保险公司或一家律师事务所,答案可能截然不同。第三,你必须追问这是否会给你业务的经济结构带来新挑战、新的竞争压力,或者某种生存威胁。

原始上下文

What does email mean for us? What does spreadsheets mean for us? The answer to that might be radically different if you were an insurance company or a law firm. And third, you have to ask whether this creates new challenges to your business’s economics, new competitive pressures, or, perhaps, some kind of existential threat.

问题识别缺口

识别对工具的需求仍是难点所在

以上所有问题,都无法通过降低代码编写难度——即简化工具开发过程——得到解决。真正的难点在于:首先,要意识到某项任务本身就需要一个工具来处理;其次,要明确该工具应具备何种功能。

原始摘录
None of this is solved by making easier to write code - by making it easier to make tools. The hard part is knowing that you need a tool for this in the first place, and then knowing what the tool should do.

这里提到的

全部提及对象

SAP

仅提及

本尼迪克特·埃文斯将SAP列为美国大型公司使用的典型大型横向企业软件系统之一。

查看支持证据 · Benedict Evans

Workday

仅提及

本尼迪克特·埃文斯将Workday列为美国大型公司使用的典型大型横向企业软件系统之一。

查看支持证据 · Benedict Evans

来源与研究方法

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